Pyongyang Freely Plies the Seas  

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Lintner, Bertil

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: Far Eastern Economic Review vol. 172 no. 9 (Nov. 2009), page 38.
Topik: North Korea; Korea Mining Development Trading Corporation (KOMID); Nuclear Test; Missiles

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Perpustakaan Pusat (Semanggi) Nomor Panggil: FF21.22 Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 0) Tandon: tidak ada

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In the wake of North Korea's October 2006 nuclear test, the United Nations Security Council passed Resolution 1718, which bans Pyongyang from exporting any nuclear, chemical and biological material, ballistic missiles and any other components of weapons of mass destruction. WMD-related sanctions were tightened under Resolution 1874 passed in June 2009 following North Korea's second nuclear test in May. Before sanctions were introduced, United States defense sources estimated that 40% of North Korea's foreign-exchange earnings came from weapons sales, of which missile exports were a major part. It seems highly unlikely that North Korea will give up such an important source of income just because of condemnation by the world community. It is no secret that North Korea has exported missiles and missile technology to Iran, Pakistan and Syria. Even Libya, Egypt, Vietnam, and the United Arab Emirates have at one time or another acquired missiles or missile components from North Korea or through North Korean front companies in Asia and Europe. What is less known, however, is how the transport of these materials to their final destinations in the Middle East and elsewhere has been facilitated by entities operating in other countries. The North Koreans have always been masters at circumventing international sanctions—but the success of their clandestine operations also depends on the willingness of other nations to turn a blind eye to their activities. Even now, there is potential for WMD proliferation from North Korea through an elaborate, global network of ships operating under flags of convenience, cooperative governments, front companies and shady individuals working for Pyongyang.

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