Murder by Structure: Dominance Relations and the Social Structure of Gang HomicideMurder by Structure: Dominance Relations and the Social Structure of Gang Homicide  

Oleh:

Papachristos, Andrew V.

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: AJS: American Journal of Sociology vol. 115 no. 01 (Jul. 2009), page 74-128.
Topik: Murder; Gang Murder; Sociological Theories; Social Structure
Fulltext: The American Journal of Sociology, Vol. 115, No. 1 (July 2009), pp. 74-128 (win).pdf (496.24KB)

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Perpustakaan PKPM Nomor Panggil: A13 Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 0) Tandon: tidak ada

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Most sociological theories consider murder an outcome of the differential distribution of individual, neighborhood, or social characteristics. And while such studies explain variation in aggregate homicide rates, they do not explain the social order of murder, that is, who kills whom, when, where, and for what reason. This article argues that gang murder is best understood not by searching for its individual determinants but by examining the social networks of action and reaction that create it. In short, the social structure of gang murder is defined by the manner in which social networks are constructed and by people’s placement in them. The author uses a network approach and incident-level homicide records to recreate and analyze the structure of gang murders in Chicago. Findings demonstrate that individual murders between gangs create an institutionalized network of group conflict, net of any individual’s participation or motive. Within this network, murders spread through an epidemic-like process of social contagion as gangs evaluate the highly visible actions of others in their local networks and negotiate dominance considerations that arise during violent incidents.

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