Increasing the Degrees of Freedom in Future Group Randomized Trials: The df* Approach  

Oleh:

Blitstein, Jonathan L. ; Murray, David M. ; Hannan, Peter J. ; Shadish, William R.

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: Evaluation Review vol. 29 no. 3 (Jun. 2005), page 268-286.
Topik: group-randomized trial; degrees of freedom; power; causal inference
Fulltext: 268.pdf (147.4KB)

Isi artikel

This article builds on the previous article by Blitstein et al. (2005), which showed how external estimates of intraclass correlation can be used to improve the precision for the analysis of an existing group randomized trial. The authors extend that work to sample size estimation and power analysis for future group-randomized trials. Often this approach will allow a smaller study than would otherwise be possible without sacrificing statistical power. Such studies are needed, for example, as pilot studies to help plan for a full-scale efficacy trial, as replication studies, or in situations in which resource constraints prohibit a larger trial. The authors discuss the circumstances under which this strategy will be most helpful and the risks associated with conducting smaller studies.

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