Efficacy of food fortification on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations: systematic review  

Oleh:

Donnell, Siobhan O ; Cranney, Ann ; Horsley, Tanya ; Weiler, Hope A ; Atkinson, Stephanie A

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition vol. 88 no. 06 (Dec. 2008), page 1528.
Topik: Vitamins; minerals; and phytochemicals

Ketersediaan

Perpustakaan FK Nomor Panggil: A07.K.2008.04 Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 0) Tandon: tidak ada

Lihat Detail Induk

Isi artikel

Background: Many residents of the United States and Canada depend on dietary sources of vitamin D to help maintain vitamin D status. Because few natural food sources contain vitamin D, fortified foods may be required. Objective: We aimed to determine the effects of vitamin D–fortified foods on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations. Design: We searched MEDLINE (1966 to June Week 3 2006), Embase, CINAHL, AMED, Biological Abstracts, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing vitamin D–fortified foods with a control and reporting serum 25(OH)D concentrations. Two reviewers independently determined study eligibility, assessed trial quality, and extracted relevant data. Disagreements were resolved by consensus. Meta-analyses of absolute mean change in 25(OH)D were conducted by using a random-effects model, with evaluation of heterogeneity. Results: Nine RCTs (n = 889 subjects) were included, of which 8 consistently showed a significant beneficial effect of food fortification on 25(OH)D concentrations. Although 7 RCTs (n = 585 subjects) potentially were meta-analyzable, we were unable to combine the overall results because of significant heterogeneity. The individual treatment effects ranged from 14.5 (95% CIs: 10.6, 18.4) nmol/L to 34.5 (17.64, 51.36) nmol/L (3.4–25 µg vitamin D/d). Subgroup analyses showed a reduction in heterogeneity and significant treatment effect when 4 trials that used milk as the fortified food source were combined. Conclusion: Most trials were small in size and inadequately reported allocation concealment, but results showed that vitamin D–fortified foods improved vitamin D status in adults.

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