Second Language Acquisition Of The English Modal Auxiliaris Can, Could, May, And Might  

Oleh:

Gibbs, Dorothy A.

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: Applied Linguistics (Full Text) vol. 11 no. 3 (Sep. 1990), page 297-314.
Fulltext: Vol 11, 3, p 297-314.pdf (1.54MB)

Ketersediaan

Perpustakaan PKBB Nomor Panggil: 405/APL/11 Non-tandon: tidak ada Tandon: 1

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Isi artikel

Seventy-five Panjabi-speaking pupils were assessed on their expression of the English modal auxiliaries can, could, may, and might. Responses were elicited for four Root Modality functions-Ability, Permission, Possibility, and Hypothetical Possibility-plus the Epistemic Possibility function, and in Declarative, Negative and Interrogative environments. Six groups of Panjabi-speaking subjects were selected, incorporating the two variables; Years of English, with conditions two, four, and six years; and Age Level, with the factors primary and secondary. Pupils' test sheets were marked for errors and the total and subtotal scores subjected to an error analysis using the SPSS-X ANOVA programme. The beneficial effect of earlier age of first exposure to English was demonstrated by the better overall pe10rmance of the primary school pupils as compared to the secondary school groups, except in the Interrogative environment. A plateau effect was noted in the pe10rmance of the secondary school subjects between four and six years of exposure to English. Modal acquisition by second language subjects followed first language order, with the three basic functions roughly co-emergent and Hypothetical and Epistemic Possibility much later acquired.

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