Nonverbal Communication  

Oleh:

Kramer, Nicole C.

Jenis: Article from Books - E-Book
Dalam koleksi: Human Behavior in Military Contexts (Committee on Opportunities in Basic Research in the Behavioral and Social Sciences for the U.S. Military), page 150-188.
Topik: Behavior Military; Nonverbal Communication; Frameworks For Nonverbal Behavior; Human Communication
Fulltext: behavior military (paper4).pdf (236.86KB)

Isi artikel

Human communication can be described as a “multichannel reality” (Poyatos, 1983, p. 175) consisting of language, paralanguage (i.e., vocal aspects, such as intonation), and kinesics (i.e., visual aspects). The latter two are referred to as nonverbal behavior. Kinesics, especially, constitutes a complex system of channels. People know each of these channels from everyday experience: facial expressions, gaze, gestures, postures, and head and body movements (Wallbott, 1994). Other aspects of communication are often classified as nonverbal communication, particularly haptics (the use of touch) and proxemics (the use of space) (see Burgoon, Buller, and Woodall, 1989). Moreover, chronemics (the use of time), physical appearance, and the use of artifacts or olfactory cues are also sometimes mentioned as nonverbal cue systems (Burgoon, Buller, and Woodall, 1989; Wallbott, 1994).

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