Parenting Quality Interacts With Genetic Variation In Dopamine Receptor D4 To Influence Temperament In Early Childhood  

Oleh:

Posner, Michael I. ; Rothbart, Mary K. ; Voelker, Pascale M. ; Sheese, Brad E.

Jenis: Article from Journal - ilmiah internasional
Dalam koleksi: Development and Psychopathology vol. 19 no. 4 (2007), page 1039-1046.
Topik: Temperament In Early Childhood; Dopamine Receptor D4; Genetic Variation; Parenting Quality Interacts
Fulltext: 1039.pdf (174.65KB)

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Perpustakaan Pusat (Semanggi) Nomor Panggil: DD21.13 Non-tandon: 1 (dapat dipinjam: 0) Tandon: tidak ada

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Isi artikel

We examined the influence of a common ellelic variation in the dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) gene and caregiver quality on temprament in early childhood. Children 18-21 months of age were genotype for the DRD4 48 base pair tandem repeat polymorphism, which has been implicated in the development of attention, sensation seeking, and attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder. The children also interacted with their caregiver for 10 min in a laboratory setting, and these videotaped interactions were coded for parenting quality using an observational rating procedure. The presence of the DRD4 7-repeat allele was associated with differences in the influence of parenting on a measure of tempramental sensation seeking constructed from caregiver reports on children's activity level, impulsivity, and high intensity pleasure. Children with the 7 repeat allele were influenced by parenting quality, with lower quality parenting associated with higher levels of sensation seeking; children without the 7 repeat allele were uninfluenced by parenting quality. Differences between alleles were not related to the child's self regulation as assessed by the effortful control measure. Previous studies have indicated that the 7 repeat allele is under positive selective preasure, and our results are consistent with the hypothesis that the DRD4 7 repeat allele increase children's sensitivity to environmental factors such as parenting. This study shows that genes influence the relation between parenting and temprament in ways that are important to normal development and psychopathology.

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